Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors☆
Section snippets
A uniform nomenclature for TA and related receptors
Examination of the literature and public database entries revealed numerous inconsistencies with respect to the naming of the receptor family; e.g., Borowsky et al. [6] used the abbreviation TA for some of the TA receptors, while Bunzow et al. [7] designated the same receptors with the symbol TAR, which also refers to the Escherichia coli aspartate receptors [8]. In addition, the human receptor GPR102 [9] is also referred to as TA5 [6], human 5-HT4P [10] has also been named TA2P [6], and GPR57
Discussion
Intense efforts throughout several decades of research directed toward the identification of specialized TA receptors have recently resulted in the identification of a novel family of GPCRs [6], [7]. These specialized TA receptors had so far only been hypothesized based on reported high-affinity TA binding sites in the central nervous system of human and other mammals [20], [21], [22]. With the recent description of specific TA receptors [6], [7] the essential heretofore missing components of
DNA samples and animals
Genomic DNA samples were obtained from the following sources: Human genomic DNA was purchased from Roche Diagnostics (Rotkreuz, Switzerland), genomic DNA from chimpanzee (P. troglodytes) of unknown geographic origin was obtained from the German Primate Center (Goettingen, Germany), genomic DNA from C57BL/6 mice was purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME, USA), and genomic DNA from Crl:Wi rats was isolated from tail biopsies essentially as described in [31].
RNA employed for cDNA
Acknowledgments
We thank our colleagues Theresa Ballard, Jean-Luc Moreau, Henri Stalder, and Sabine Kolczewski for many stimulating discussions and Danièle Buchy, Agnes Nilly, Sylvie Chaboz, Veit Metzler, and Vincent Boehler for excellent technical help; Clemens Broger for help with analysis of genomic sequences; Christian Roos for kindly providing chimpanzee genomic DNA; and the members of the Human Genome Organization Gene Nomenclature Committee for valuable advice. The authors acknowledge the continued
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Sequence data from this article have been deposited with the GenBank Data Library under Accession Nos. AY702304–AY702340AY702304AY702305AY702306AY702307AY702308AY702309AY702310AY702311AY702312AY702313AY702314AY702315AY702316AY702317AY702318AY702319AY702320AY702321AY702322AY702323AY702324AY702325AY702326AY702327AY702328AY702329AY702330AY702331AY702332AY702333AY702334AY702335AY702336AY702337AY702338AY702339AY702340, AY703480, AY803193, and AY803194.