NeuropharmacologyBlockade of brain histamine metabolism alters methamphetamine-induced expression pattern of stereotypy in mice via histamine H1 receptors
Section snippets
Subjects
Male ICR mice (8–9 weeks old; Japan SLC, Shizuoka, Japan) were housed in groups of eight (cage size, 37×22×15 cm) in a temperature- (22±2 °C) and humidity- (50±10%) controlled environment under a 12-h light/dark cycle (lights on at 07:00 h) with food and water available ad libitum except during the observations of stereotyped behavior and measurements of locomotor activity (see below). Animal handling and care were conducted according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (7th
Stereotypic scores after the administration of METH and Mtp in combination to mice
The stereotypic scores reached a plateau 20 min after a single administration of 10 mg/kg METH, which lasted until 1 h after administration (mixed factor ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer test, METH challenge effect, F(1,1040)=5135, P<0.001) (Fig. 1). The expression time-course of stereotypic scores induced by METH was not affected by pretreatment with various doses of Mtp (Mtp pretreatment×METH challenge interaction effect, F(3,1040)=0.639, P=0.5919). Pretreatment with Mtp per se did not
Differential regulation of METH-induced distinguishable behavioral patterns by HMT enzyme activity
The main finding of the present study is that pretreatment with Mtp, a selective inhibitor of HMT, significantly influenced the METH-induced stereotyped behavior by causing a transition from B to S in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. 2B). Mtp action was completely abolished by pyrilamine and ketotifen, selective, centrally acting histamine H1 receptor antagonists, but not fexofenadine, a peripherally acting H1 receptor antagonist (Fig. 3B and Table 1), suggesting that Mtp exerts its effects
Conclusion
Overall, the data presented here suggested that exogenously administered agents, such as Mtp and SKF 91488, that are able to increase brain histamine level enhanced the expression of METH-induced sniffing behavior via histamine H1 receptors. This is the first report to demonstrate histaminergic regulation of the expression patterns of stereotyped behavior induced by METH.
Acknowledgments
Metoprine was generously donated by GlaxoSmithKline (Stevenage, UK). NK was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Researchers, Hyogo College of Medicine. The authors thank Mr. T. Nakajima of Joint-Use Research Facilities, Hyogo College of Medicine, for constructing the acrylic test boxes and elevated plus maze.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.