Cl− channels are randomly activated by continuous GABA secretion in cultured embryonic rat hippocampal neurons
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Cited by (49)
Extrasynaptic GABA <inf>A</inf> Receptors: Their Function in the CNS and Implications for Disease
2012, NeuronCitation Excerpt :It has long been appreciated that ligand-gated ion channels that bind glutamate and GABA are found outside synapses in the somatic, dendritic, and even axonal membranes of mammalian neurons (Brown et al., 1979; Soltesz et al., 1990). The first indication that a persistent, tonic conductance could result from activation of extrasynaptic GABAAR populations came from whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings made from developing neurons when synapses are being formed (Ben-Ari et al., 1994; Kaneda et al., 1995; Valeyev et al., 1993). In these experiments, the addition of GABAAR blockers reduced the standing holding current indicating that a tonic GABAAR-mediated conductance had to be present that was not associated with conventional IPSCs (Otis et al., 1991).
Function and modulation of δ-containing GABA<inf>A</inf> receptors
2009, PsychoneuroendocrinologyCitation Excerpt :GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). The inhibitory action of GABA is mediated by GABA receptors (GABARs), excluding early stages of development when GABA is excitatory (Valeyev et al., 1993; Owens et al., 1999; Demarque et al., 2002), and results in a reduction in neuronal excitability. Three types of GABA receptors have been characterized: GABAA, GABAB and GABAC.
(R)-roscovitine, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, enhances tonic GABA inhibition in rat hippocampus
2008, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Such approach allowed fast exchange of solution surrounding the recorded neuron. It was observed previously (Valeyev et al., 1993; Vautrin et al., 2000) that the tonic GABAergic current in hippocampal cultures was reduced in amplitude when cells were superfused with a stream of saline. Under our experimental conditions, we have observed a similar phenomenon.
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA<inf>A</inf> receptor signalling
2007, Progress in Brain ResearchThe Role of GABA in the Early Neuronal Development
2005, International Review of NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :Many populations of developing neuronal precursors produce and release GABA in defined stages of differentiation. In vitro studies demonstrated a continuous GABA‐release from developing hippocampal cells (Valeyev et al., 1993) and revealed a continuously elevated (3–10 μM) GABA concentration in the environment of neural stem cells (Jelitai et al., 2004). Immunocytochemical studies on young embryos showed that GABA‐containing cells and fibers are present, well before the onset of synaptogenesis (see Box 1).
Clustering of extrasynaptic GABA<inf>A</inf> receptors modulates tonic inhibition in cultured hippocampal neurons
2004, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :The all-point histograms of the tonic currents in the presence of 1 μm GABA show distinct distributions with significantly different means ± S.D. (Fig. 5B). To determine whether the nocodazole-induced reduction in the amplitude of tonic currents could be attributed to changes in the single channel conductance of declustered receptors, a simplified form of stationary variance analysis of the base-line currents was performed (6, 32, 34, 35). The single channel conductance of clustered and declustered receptors was calculated assuming that the concentration of GABA responsible for tonic current is so low that the receptor open probability becomes negligible.
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Present Address: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Yeshiva University, Bronx, N.Y. 10461, USA.