Spermine and philanthotoxin potentiate excitatory amino acid responses of Xenopus oocytes injected with rat and chick brain RNA
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Subtype-dependent N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor amino-terminal domain conformations and modulation by spermine
2015, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Spermine is best known as an endogenous pore blocker of cation-selective channels (12). However, spermine can also be released into the synapse in an activity-dependent fashion (12) where it may modify NMDA receptor synaptic transmission (13–17). Extracellular spermine is thought to bind to the ATDs of GluN1-GluN2B NMDA receptors (Fig. 1) and potentiates agonist-induced currents (13, 18).
Design of antagonists for NMDA and AMPA receptors
2005, NeuropharmacologyCitation Excerpt :The list of AMPA receptor channel blockers is relatively short. It includes polyamines like spermine and spermidine (Brackley et al., 1990; Bowie and Mayer, 1995; Donevan and Rogawski, 1995; Isa et al., 1995), polyamine-amides, such as argiotoxins and philanthotoxins (Eldefrawi et al., 1988; Brackley et al., 1993; Washburn and Dingledine, 1996), and dicationic derivatives of adamantane and phenylcyclohexyl (Magazanik et al., 1997; Tikhonov et al., 2000a). The latter compounds inhibit GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors (Magazanik et al., 1997; Bolshakov et al., 2000), probably through voltage-dependent trapping block (Tikhonov et al., 2000a).
A anticonvulsive fraction from Scaptocosa raptoria (Araneae: Lycosidae) spider venom
2004, Neuroscience LettersEffect of two polyamine toxins on the bacterial porin OmpF
2001, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications