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How does adenosine inhibit transmitter release?

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Abstract

Adenosine is able to decrease the release of most neurotransmitters. This is consistent with its general role in adjusting the rate of energy consumption to the metabolic supply in a tissue. Bertil Fredholm and Tom Dunwiddie discuss the mechanisms behind the presynaptic inhibitory action of adenosine. By stimulating receptors similar to A1-receptors, adenosine can inhibit adenylate cyclase, open K+ channels and reduce flux through Ca2+ channels. It is suggested that adenosine may depress transmitter release in several ways and that the relative importance of these presynaptic actions may vary between nerve terminals.

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