Research paperEffect of exposure of rats to cigarette smoke on the metabolism of lipids
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Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System 2.2. Part 4: 90-day OECD 413 rat inhalation study with systems toxicology endpoints demonstrates reduced exposure effects compared with cigarette smoke
2016, Regulatory Toxicology and PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :The fold change in neutrophil counts is approximately 2–3 times higher in this study than in the 28-day nicotine-only inhalation study (Phillips et al., 2015a), suggesting that additional factors, such as the length of the study, the age of the animals, or residual HPHCs, can influence neutrophil counts. The decrease in serum cholesterol and glucose levels was also observed in our nicotine pyruvate 28-day inhalation study (Phillips et al., 2015a) and in other inhalation and nicotine administration studies (Latha et al., 1988; Seoane-Collazo et al., 2014; Vu et al., 2014), thereby supporting the hypothesis that chronic nicotine administration affects glucose and lipid metabolism. The increased levels of activity of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase in serum and liver weights seen in this study were very similarly observed in the 28-day inhalation study involving nicotine pyruvate (Phillips et al., 2015a), suggesting a dominant role for nicotine amongst the many components of cigarette MS and THS2.2 aerosol in regulating these processes.
Evaluation of the potential effects of ingredients added to cigarettes. Part 4: Subchronic inhalation toxicity
2002, Food and Chemical ToxicologyEffect of smoking on lipid and thrombogenic factors two months after acute myocardial infarction
2000, American Journal of CardiologyCitation Excerpt :Labeled fibrinogen has been used in a canine model showing increased fibrinogen uptake into the arterial wall after intravenous nicotine infusion.23 Possible mechanisms of persistent elevation in fibrinogen in past smokers include enzymatic changes in hepatic metabolism as suggested in the rat model,24 or in fatty acid metabolism, or secondary to fibrinogen and atherosclerotic deposits and endothelial dysfunction in the arterial wall as suggested previously. Immediate effects of smoking have been suggested in small studies of healthy subjects, but findings have been controversial.
The biology of the artery wall in atherogenesis
1994, Medical Clinics of North AmericaCigarette smoke alters chylomicron metabolism in rats
1993, Journal of Vascular Surgery