Stimulation of the chemotactic migration of human fibroblasts by substance P
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Roles of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the skin, and other physiological and pathophysiological functions
2021, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - HealthCitation Excerpt :SP can stimulate chemotaxis in human fibroblasts (O'Connor, O'Connell et al., 2004), and in vitro, it is also a powerful chemoattractant for human fibroblasts as it stimulates a concentration-dependent migratory response (Kahler et al., 1993). Human dermal fibroblasts move after adding SP to the culture medium (Kahler et al., 1993), and SP upregulates the proliferation of skin fibroblasts (Morbidelli et al., 1993). SP, CGRP, and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) can also upregulate the IL-8/IL-8RA system of keratinocytes and fibroblasts (Kiss et al., 1999), important for cutaneous inflammation.
Role of substance P in the cardiovascular system
2016, NeuropeptidesCitation Excerpt :Non-peptide antagonists can be administered orally and are able to cross the blood–brain barrier. SP stimulates production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6 and these cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of myocarditis caused by encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) (Cuesta et al., 2002, Robinson et al., 2009, Kahler et al., 1993). EMCV infection is commonly used as an experimental model to study viral myocarditis (Kanda et al., 2004, Matsumori and Kawai, 1982).
Neural Regulation of Pain and Inflammation
2012, Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology: Volume 1-2, Ninth EditionChapter 4 Fibroblasts-A Diverse Population at the Center of It All
2009, International Review of Cell and Molecular BiologyCitation Excerpt :Terminal nerve endings in the highly innervated superficial dermis and the epidermis of skin release neuropeptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and α calcitonin gene‐related peptide into this region (Wallengren, 1999). These neuropeptides promote cellular proliferation of both fibroblasts and keratinocytes (Nilsson et al., 1985; Scholzen et al., 1998) and to stimulate fibroblast migration (Kahler et al., 1993). As such, they may play a role in hyperproliferative disorders of the epidermis and dermal pathologies such as scleroderma (Peters et al., 2006), and they help to mediate events during contact allergic reactions in this region (Wallengren, 1999).