Cytochrome P450 isoforms in human fetal tissues related to phenobarbital-inducible forms in the mouse
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Application of reaction phenotyping to address pharmacokinetic variability in patient populations
2023, Overcoming Obstacles in Drug Discovery and Development: Surmounting the Insurmountable-Case Studies for Critical ThinkingCytochrome P450 enzymes in the pediatric population: Connecting knowledge on P450 expression with pediatric pharmacokinetics
2022, Advances in PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :Regarding the fetal expression, the findings were not consistent, CYP2A6 mRNA levels were detected in 17- to 37-week fetal liver samples and were elevated eightfold in postnatal samples (5–65 years) (Nagata et al., 2003). However, another study reported that none of the CYP2A enzymes appeared to be expressed in fetal livers (Maenpaa, Rane, Raunio, Honkakoski, & Pelkonen, 1993). Detectable CYP2B6 protein was observed in most liver microsomes from pediatric donors (n = 217) with the age range from 10 weeks gestation to 17 years (Croom, Stevens, Hines, Wallace, & Hodgson, 2009).
The Developing Nervous System
2018, Comprehensive Toxicology: Third EditionCost-effective differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells using small molecules
2015, BiomaterialsCitation Excerpt :The expression of ASGPR, CYP3A4, and CYP1A1 were similar in small molecule and growth factor-differentiated cells, while the expression of AAT, MRP2 and CYP1A2 was higher in the small molecule-differentiated cells. Adult liver expresses higher CYP1A2 and lower CYP1A1 compared to fetal liver cells [39] and therefore a 9 fold increased expression of CYP1A2 in small molecule-matured cells might suggest that the small molecules are more efficient in generation of hepatic progenitors. Hepatocytes generated using predominantly small molecules based approach are hereafter referred to as SM-Hep and hepatocytes generated using the growth factor approach are referred to as GF-Hep.
Electronic cigarettes: The nicotyrine hypothesis
2015, Medical HypothesesCitation Excerpt :The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies methoxsalen, the CYP2A inhibitor used in some mouse studies, as a Group 1 carcinogen, but it is carcinogenic when combined with UVA radiation, and not due to its effects on CYP2A6 [52]. CYP2A family enzymes are not strongly expressed in fetal liver [53,54], limiting concerns about fetal hepatic anomalies. Nicotyrine could increase risks from dietary toxins that CYP2A6 metabolizes.
The Developing Nervous System
2010, Comprehensive Toxicology, Second Edition