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Deamination of methylamine and angiopathy; toxicity of formaldehyde, oxidative stress and relevance to protein glycoxidation in diabetes

  • Conference paper
MAO — The Mother of all Amine Oxidases

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplement ((NEURAL SUPPL,volume 52))

Summary

Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) is located in the vascular smooth muscles, retina, kidney and the cartilage tissues, and it circulates in the blood. The enzyme activity has been found to be significantly increased in blood and tissues in diabetic patients and animals. Methylamine and aminoacetone are endogenous substrates for SSAO. The deaminated products are formaldehyde and methylglyoxal respectively, as well as H2O2 and ammonia, which are all potentially cytotoxic. Formaldehyde and methylglyoxal are cytotoxic towards endothelial cells. Excessive SSAOmediated deamination may directly initiate endothelial injury and plaque formation, increase oxidative stress, which can potentiate oxidative glycation, and/or LDL oxidation and damage vascular systems. Formaldehyde is also capable of exacerbating advanced glycation, and thus increase the complexity of protein cross-linking. Uncontrolled SSAO-mediated deamination may be involved in the acceleration of the clinical complications in diabetes.

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  1. Neuropsychiatry Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E4, Canada

    Dr. P. H. Yu & Dr. P. H. Yu

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion — Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    J. P. M. Finberg  & M. B. H. Youdim  & 

  2. Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany

    P. Riederer

  3. Biochemistry Department, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

    K. F. Tipton

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Yu, P.H. (1998). Deamination of methylamine and angiopathy; toxicity of formaldehyde, oxidative stress and relevance to protein glycoxidation in diabetes. In: Finberg, J.P.M., Youdim, M.B.H., Riederer, P., Tipton, K.F. (eds) MAO — The Mother of all Amine Oxidases. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplement, vol 52. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6499-0_19

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