Regular ArticlePurinergic (P2X7) Receptor Activation of Microglia Induces Cell Death via an Interleukin-1-Independent Mechanism
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2021, Psychiatry ResearchCitation Excerpt :Additionally, P2 × 7R has been reported as a crucial factor in microglial activation, inducing the production and release of inflammatory cytokines and leading to an inflammatory response (Suzuki, Hide et al. 2004, Bours, Swennen et al. 2006, Di Virgilio 2007). Speciffically, activation of P2 × 7R by extracellular ATP, promotes the processing and release of the cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β), inducing activation of microglia and macrophages associated with cell death (Brough, Le Feuvre et al. 2002). The concentrations of extracellular nucleotides (e.g. ATP, UTP) and nucleosides (adenosine) are controlled by ectonucleotidases such as members of the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) family and ecto- 5’-nucleotidase/CD73 respectively (Robson, Sévigny et al. 2006).
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2020, Journal of Nutritional BiochemistryCitation Excerpt :Astrocytes play a critical role in the central nervous system and in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, which elicit a neuroprotective or deleterious effect when Tau protein and APP are highly expressed [36]. The β-amyloid could induce the activation of caspases and the death of astrocytes [37] by up-regulating SCNA and P2X7 [38,39]. However, no significant effect of the dietary protein type and level was observed on SCNA and P2X7 abundances, although Tau protein, APP and caspase exhibited significant differences among the diet groups, in particular between high- and low-protein diet groups.
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