TABLE 1

Summary of effects of anesthetics on the wild-type and mutant NMDA receptors Drugs were tested at concentrations corresponding to 1 MAC, except nitrous oxide and xenon were tested at approximately 0.5 MAC and F3 and F6 were tested at 2 MAC. Molecular volumes (in Ångstrom units cubed) were provided by Dr. James R. Trudell (Stanford University) and calculated as described under Materials and Methods. Compared with the wild-type, the mutant NMDA receptors were suppressed by nitrous oxide, ketamine, and benzene at same extent, whereas xenon varied the effects.

Wild Type
F639A
A825W
F639A/A825W
Molecular Volume
Isoflurane ↓ ↓ ↓ 0 0 0 140
Halothane ↓ ↓ ↓ 0 0 NT 110
Chloroform ↓ ↓ ↓ 0 0 0 94
Cyclopropane ↓ ↓ 0 0 NT 56
F3 (2 MAC) ↓ 0 0 NT 123
F6 (2 MAC) 0 0 0 NT 166
Octanol ↓ 0 0 NT 193
Hexanol ↓ ↓ ↓ 0 0 NT 152
N2O (0.5 MAC) ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 49
Xenon (0.5 MAC) ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ *** * 45
Ketamine ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 267
Benzene
↓ ↓ ↓
↓ ↓ ↓
↓ ↓ ↓
↓ ↓ ↓
106

  • NT, not tested.

    ↓ p < 0.05; ↓ ↓ p < 0.01; ↓ ↓ ↓ p < 0.001, compared with control responses, using one-way ANOVA and Student's t test. 0, no significant difference from control. *** A825W attenuated xenon inhibition compared with the wild type; * the effects of xenon on the F639A/A825W are very slight