Group | Baseline | 10 min R | 30 min R | 60 min R | 120 min R | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heart Rate (beats/min) | Control | 345 ± 31 | 316 ± 26 | 365 ± 17 | 344 ± 35 | 414 ± 24 |
Res | 352 ± 15 | 368 ± 20 | 382 ± 21 | 394 ± 16 | 411 ± 13 | |
PD | 383 ± 17 | 371 ± 17 | 392 ± 6.5 | 405 ± 5.7 | 439 ± 5.9 | |
LY | 380 ± 21 | 358 ± 19 | 388 ± 23 | 411 ± 24 | 441 ± 38 | |
MRS | 390 ± 20 | 372 ± 20 | 388 ± 18 | 408 ± 8.7 | 422 ± 6.2 | |
Res + MRS | 364 ± 23 | 368 ± 17 | 384 ± 13 | 413 ± 8.8 | 433 ± 7.7 | |
Res + PD | 415 ± 26 | 372 ± 20 | 386 ± 14 | 406 ± 9.8 | 426 ± 10.2 | |
Res + LY | 377 ± 28 | 395 ± 5.7 | 391 ± 18 | 420 ± 3.4 | 458 ± 8.2 | |
Res + PD + LY | 385 ± 14 | 355 ± 12 | 393 ± 6.9 | 416 ± 4.1 | 438 ± 3.4 | |
Control | 127 ± 3.2 | 107 ± 5.4 | 104 ± 7.1 | 88 ± 9.6 | 53 ± 4.6 | |
LVDP (mm Hg) | Res | 126 ± 3 | 116 ± 2.4 | 122 ± 2.6* | 110 ± 1.2* | 88 ± 1.7* |
PD | 127 ± 3.2 | 109 ± 4 | 111 ± 4.4 | 92 ± 3 | 57 ± 5.1 | |
LY | 131 ± 1.6 | 123 ± 6.7 | 127 ± 7.1 | 100 ± 8.9 | 52 ± 6.4 | |
MRS | 119 ± 4.2 | 106 ± 3.7 | 97 ± 3.1 | 80 ± 4 | 40 ± 2.7 | |
Res + MRS | 123 ± 2.8 | 102 ± 3.7 | 109 ± 3.1 | 98 ± 4.2# | 76 ± 3.7# | |
Res + PD | 129 ± 2.5 | 116 ± 4 | 116 ± 3.4 | 107 ± 3.4 | 61 ± 4# | |
Res + LY | 127 ± 5.3 | 109 ± 2.1 | 109 ± 5.4 | 92 ± 9.9 | 70 ± 12 | |
Res + PD + LY | 128 ± 1.2 | 102 ± 4 | 103 ± 2.8# | 84 ± 2.3# | 59 ± 4.7# | |
Control | 3319 ± 115 | 2412 ± 250 | 2472 ± 235 | 1881 ± 403 | 900 ± 87 | |
LVdp/dt (mm Hg/s) | Res | 3324 ± 95 | 2720 ± 131 | 3013 ± 64* | 2843 ± 79* | 1425 ± 110* |
PD | 3365 ± 82 | 2470 ± 68 | 2600 ± 159 | 1853 ± 100 | 843 ± 78 | |
LY | 3044 ± 115 | 2536 ± 76 | 2266 ± 78 | 1705 ± 129 | 996 ± 98 | |
MRS | 2985 ± 152 | 2493 ± 230 | 2371 ± 151 | 1572 ± 231 | 898 ± 78 | |
Res + MRS | 2932 ± 212 | 2164 ± 270 | 2326 ± 238 | 2077 ± 286# | 980 ± 63# | |
Res + PD | 3578 ± 115 | 2998 ± 127 | 2902 ± 113 | 2115 ± 119# | 878 ± 187# | |
Res + LY | 3116 ± 21 | 2261 ± 85 | 2347 ± 136 | 1908 ± 250 | 932 ± 207 | |
Res + PD + LY | 3218 ± 52 | 2524 ± 86 | 2623 ± 27 | 1716 ± 92# | 707 ± 71# | |
Control | 72 ± 5.2 | 43 ± 12.9 | 36 ± 12.7 | 19 ± 6.5 | 4.3 ± 1.4 | |
Aortic Flow (ml/min) | Res | 72 ± 3.5 | 61 ± 4.3 | 66 ± 3.6* | 44 ± 5.3* | 14.9 ± 2.4* |
PD | 71 ± 3.4 | 46 ± 3.8 | 41 ± 4.8 | 20 ± 3 | 3.65 ± 1 | |
LY | 71 ± 3.5 | 40 ± 2.6 | 27 ± 2.7 | 8.7 ± 1.2 | 6.6 ± 1 | |
MRS | 60 ± 3.2 | 44 ± 3.8 | 32 ± 4.6 | 14 ± 2.2 | 2.8 ± 1 | |
Res + MRS | 63 ± 3.9 | 36 ± 5.3 | 39 ± 5# | 29 ± 5.7# | 7 ± 1# | |
Res + PD | 79 ± 2.2 | 49 ± 8 | 44 ± 7.4# | 19 ± 5.7# | 3 ± 1# | |
Res + LY | 75 ± 4.4 | 62 ± 4.3 | 58 ± 7.4 | 34 ± 11.6 | 11 ± 7.5 | |
Res + PD + LY | 64 ± 7 | 35 ± 9.8 | 31 ± 6.9# | 10 ± 3.4# | 1.9 ± 1# | |
Coronary Flow (ml/min) | Control | 24 ± 1.4 | 22 ± 1 | 23 ± 1.9 | 23 ± 1.3 | 22 ± 1.2 |
Res | 24 ± 1.3 | 23 ± 1.5 | 26 ± 1.1 | 25 ± 1.6 | 23 ± 1.5 | |
PD | 21 ± 1.4 | 20 ± 1.2 | 21 ± 1 | 21 ± 1.5 | 20 ± 1.8 | |
LY | 24 ± 1.2 | 22 ± 1.1 | 24 ± 1.1 | 25 ± 1.5 | 25 ± 1.5 | |
MRS | 28 ± 1 | 25 ± 1.2 | 23 ± 1 | 22 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | |
Res + MRS | 28 ± 1 | 28 ± 1 | 28 ± 1.4 | 27 ± 1.5 | 25 ± 1.5 | |
Res + PD | 20 ± 1.5 | 23 ± 2 | 22 ± 1.8 | 22 ± 1.1 | 21 ± 1 | |
Res + LY | 22 ± 1.3 | 21 ± 1.5 | 21 ± 0.2 | 23 ± 2.3 | 23 ± 2.3 | |
| Res + PD + LY | 21 ± 1 | 19 ± 1.1 | 20 ± 1 | 20 ± 1.4 | 19 ± 1.9 |