Relationship of dopamine transporter density in neostriatum to 45 psychostimulant traits
| Trait Code | Description | r withBmax | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACT | |||
| CACT52-160 | Accuscan activity monitor, 5 mg/kg, WS | −0.59+ | Phillips et al. (1998) |
| CACT102-160 | Accuscan activity monitor, 10 mg/kg, WS | −0.59+ | Phillips et al. (1998) |
| CACT402-160 | Accuscan activity monitor, 40 mg/kg, WS | −0.53+ | Phillips et al. (1998) |
| CACT2-150 | CPP apparatus, 10 mg/kg, WS | −0.47+ | Cunningham et al.2-a |
| CACT14 | Home cage line crossings, 14 mg/kg, BG | −0.08 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| CACT28 | Home cage line crossings, 28 mg/kg, BG | −0.30 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| CACT56 | Home cage line crossings, 56 mg/kg, BG | −0.25 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| MACT1 | Digiscan activity monitor, 1 mg/kg, WS | −0.37 | Phillips et al.2-c |
| MACT2 | Digiscan activity monitor, 2 mg/kg, WS | −0.43+ | Phillips et al.2-c |
| MACT | CPP apparatus, 4 mg/kg, WS | −0.11 | Cunningham et al.2-a |
| MACT42-160 | Home cage line crossings, 4 mg/kg, BG | −0.46+ | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| MACT8 | Home cage line crossings, 8 mg/kg, BG | −0.23 | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| MACT16 | Home cage line crossings, 16 mg/kg, BG | 0.15 | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| TMP | |||
| CTMP28 | Rectal probe temp., 28 mg/kg, BG | −0.16 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| CTMP56 | Rectal probe temp., 56 mg/kg, BG | −0.11 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| MTMP42-150 | Rectal probe temp., 4 mg/kg, BG | −0.43+ | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| MTMP82-160 | Rectal probe temp., 8 mg/kg, BG | −0.43+ | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| MTMP162-160 | Rectal probe temp., 16 mg/kg, BG | −0.31 | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| SEN activity with repeated drug injections | |||
| CSEN5 | Accuscan activity monitors, 5 × 5 mg/kg, WG | −0.18 | Phillips et al. (1998) |
| CSEN10 | Accuscan activity monitors, 5 × 10 mg/kg, WG | −0.31 | Phillips et al. (1998) |
| CSEN40 | Accuscan activity monitors, 5 × 40 mg/kg, WG | 0.10 | Phillips et al. (1998) |
| CSEN | CPP apparatus, 4 × 10 mg/kg, WS | −0.03 | Cunningham et al.2-a |
| MSEN1 | Accuscan activity monitors 5 × 1 mg/kg, BG | −0.07 | Phillips et al.2-c |
| MSEN2 | Accuscan activity monitors 5 × 2 mg/kg, BG | −0.01 | Phillips et al.2-c |
| MSEN | CPP apparatus, 4 × mg/kg, WS | 0.12 | Cunningham et al.2-a |
| Voluntary consumption, two-bottle choice, drug versus water (CON) | |||
| C2CON | 0.2 mg/ml conc. vs. water | −0.25 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| C4CON | 0.4 mg/ml conc. vs. water | −0.03 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| M5CON | 0.005 mg/ml conc. vs. water | 0.08 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| M10CON | 0.010 mg/ml conc. vs. water | −0.03 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| M20CON | 0.020 mg/ml conc. vs. water | −0.17 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| M20SCON | 0.020 mg/ml conc. in 0.2% sacc. vs. water | 0.00 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| M40SCON | 0.040 mg/ml conc. in 0.2% sacc. vs. water | −0.03 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| Presence or absence of TRE | |||
| CTRE14 | Presence or absence, 14 mg/kg | 0.23 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| CTRE28 | Presence or absence, 28 mg/kg | −0.06 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| CTRE56 | Presence or absence, 56 mg/kg | 0.00 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| MTRE4 | Presence or absence, 4 mg/kg | −0.07 | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| Threshold dose to elicit SZ | |||
| CCLOSZ | Clonic seizures due to i.v. tail vein infusion | −0.01 | Hain et al. (2000) |
| CTONSZ | Tonic seizures due to i.v. tail vein infusion | −0.11 | Hain et al. (2000) |
| Stereotypy, repetitive chewing and paw-to-mouth movements (CHW) | |||
| CCHW56 | Number of episodes, 56 mg/kg, BG | 0.34 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| MCHW8 | Number of episodes, 8 mg/kg, BG | 0.20 | Grisel et al. (1996) |
| CPP | |||
| CCPP | Preference for drug paired floor, 10 mg/kg | 0.25 | Cunningham et al.2-a |
| MCPP | Preference for drug paired floor, 4 mg/kg | −0.24 | Cunningham et al.2-a |
| Presence or absence of EXO | |||
| CEXO28 | Frequency at 28 mg/kg, BG | 0.10 | Belknap et al.2-b |
| MEXO8 | Frequency at 8 mg/kg, BG | −0.23 | Grisel et al. (1997) |
| CLM | |||
| MCLM16 | Frequency of climbing response, 16 mg/kg, BG | 0.17 | Grisel et al. (1997) |
Behavior was tested in at least 18 strains of the BXD RI set and both progenitors. All drug traits were corrected for saline values by subtraction either within subjects (WS) or between groups (BG). Trait codes used below and on Fig. 4 are as follows: first letter is either C (cocaine) or M (methamphetamine). Other codes used include: ACT, locomotor activity; SEN, sensitization; CON, voluntary consumption (drinking); TMP, thermal response (hypo- or hyperthermia); SZ, seizures; CPP, conditioned place preference; TRE, tremor; EXO, exophthalmos; CHW, stereotypic chewing and paw-to-mouth movements; and CLM, climbing response. For all traits, drug-naive mice were used with no prior drug exposure. The trait codes plotted in Fig. 4 are given with a description of each trait and its correlation with dopamine transporter density in the neostriatum.
↵2-150 These traits were also associated atp < 0.05 (
↵2-160 or p < 0.01) with the Pomc-ps1 marker on chromosome 19.
+, indicates that the trait is significantly correlated withBmax, p < 0.05, two-tailed. Thus, this QTL with a strong influence on dopamine transporter density in the neostriatum may also influence the eight psychostimulant activity and thermal response traits described in the table.
↵2-a C. L. Cunningham, C. S. McKinnon, M. G. Huson, S. Burkhart-Kasch, and J. K. Belknap, unpublished observations.
↵2-b J. K. Belknap, L. A. O'Toole, M. Helms, and S. E. Bergeson, unpublished observations.
↵2-c T. J. Phillips, J. Duerr, C. Howard, and D. Okorn, unpublished observations.