Table 1

Protective effect of antioxidants on barrier integrity of Caco-2 cells

TreatmentFSA Clearance
nl/h/cm2
Vehicle24  ± 11
2.5% EtOH296  ± 91-a
15% EtOH2548  ± 1051-a
l-Cysteine + 2.5% EtOH98  ± 81-b
l-Cysteine + 15% EtOH911  ± 341-b
d-Cysteine alone33  ± 7
d-Cysteine + 2.5% EtOH285  ± 81-a
d-Cysteine + 15% EtOH2476  ± 401-a
SOD + 2.5% EtOH102  ± 211-b
SOD + 15% EtOH1205  ± 1351-b
iSOD alone28  ± 10
iSOD + 2.5% EtOH279  ± 71-a
iSOD + 15% EtOH2411  ± 2161-a

Values are mean ± S.E. after treatments. Apical chambers were loaded with FSA before the exposure of monolayers to EtOH alone for 30 min or preincubation with ONOO− scavengers 1)l-cysteine (3 mM) and as control analogd-cysteine or 2) SOD (300 U/ml) and as control the heat-inactivated iSOD for 30 min before EtOH. Controls were incubated in isotonic saline/vehicle. FSA clearance was calculated as apical-to-basolateral flux of FSA divided by the concentration of probe in the apical chamber. n = 6 per group.

  • ↵1-a  P < .05 versus the vehicle (control), l-cysteine, or SOD groups.

  • ↵1-b  P < .05 versus the EtOH alone, d-cysteine, or iSOD pretreatment.