Treatment | Target | RR | PFS | OS | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | mo | mo | |||
GEM-based combination therapy | |||||
Capecitabine | DNA | 19.1 vs. 12.4 | 5.3 vs. 3.8 | 7.1 vs. 6.2 | Cunningham et al., 2009 |
7.3 vs. 5.9 | — | 8.4 vs. 7.2 | Herrmann et al., 2007 | ||
Cisplatin | DNA | 26.4 vs. 9.2 | 5.0 vs. 2.0 | 7.5 vs. 5.0 | Colucci et al., 2002 |
11.5 vs. 9.0 | 5.3 vs. 3.1 | 7.5 vs. 6.0 | Heinemann et al., 2006 | ||
12.9 vs. 10.1 | 3.8 vs. 3.9 | 7.2 vs. 8.3 | Colucci et al., 2010 | ||
Oxaliplatin | DNA | 26.8 vs. 17.3 | 5.8 vs. 3.7 | 9.0 vs. 7.1 | Louvet et al., 2005 |
9.0 vs. 6.0 | 2.7 vs. 2.6 | 5.7 vs. 4.9 | Poplin et al., 2009 | ||
Irinotecan | Top I | 15.0 vs. 10.0 | 2.8 vs. 2.9 | 6.4 vs. 6.5 | Stathopoulos et al., 2006 |
16.1 vs. 4.4 | 3.5 vs. 3.0 | 6.3 vs. 6.6 | Rocha Lima et al., 2004 | ||
Pemetrexed | Folate metabolism | 14.8 vs. 7.1 | 3.9 vs. 3.3 | 6.2 vs. 6.3 | Oettle et al., 2005 |
Erlotinib | EGFR | 8.6 vs. 8.0 | 3.8 vs. 3.6 | 6.2 vs. 5.9 | Moore et al., 2007 |
Cetuximab | EGFR | 12.0 vs. 14.0 | 3.4 vs. 3.0 | 6.3 vs. 5.9 | Philip et al., 2010 |
Nimotuzumab | EGFR | 8.6 vs. 8.6 | 5.1 vs. 3.4 | 8.6 vs. 6.0 | Schultheis et al., 2017 |
Bevacizumab | VEGF | 13.0 vs. 10.0 | 3.8 vs. 2.9 | 5.8 vs. 5.9 | Kindler et al., 2010 |
Ablifercept | VEGF | — | 3.7 vs. 3.7 | 6.5 vs. 7.8 | Rougier et al., 2013 |
Sunitinib | VEGFR and PDGFR | 7.1 vs. 6.1 | 2.9 vs. 3.3 | 7.6 vs. 9.2 | Bergmann et al., 2015 |
Axitinib | VEGFR 1-3, c-KIT, and PDGFR | 5.0 vs. 2.0 | 4.4 vs. 4.4 | 8.5 vs. 8.3 | Kindler et al., 2011 |
4.9 vs. 1.6 | 4.4 vs. 4.4 | 5.1 vs. 5.4 | Ioka et al., 2015 | ||
Sorafenib | VEGFR, PDGFR, and Raf | 23.0 vs. 19.0 | 5.7 vs. 3.8 | 9.2 vs. 8.0 | Gonçalves et al., 2012 |
Vismodegib | SMO | 8.0 vs. 13.0 | 4.0 vs. 2.5 | 6.9 vs. 6.1 | Catenacci et al., 2015 |
0 | 3.7 vs. 2.4 | 6.3 vs. 5.4 | Catennaci 2012 | ||
21.7 | 2.8 | 5.3 | Kim et al., 2014 | ||
Trametinib | MEK | 22.0 vs. 18.0 | 3.7 vs. 3.5 | 8.4 vs. 6.7 | Infante et al., 2014 |
Pimasertib | MEK | 9.1 vs. 9.1 | 3.7 vs. 2.8 | 7.3 vs. 8.3 | Van Cutsem et al., 2018 |
Rigosertib | PLK1 and PI3K | 19.0 vs. 13.0 | 3.4 vs. 3.4 | 6.1 vs. 6.4 | O’Neil et al., 2015 |
Tipifarnib | Farnesyltransferase | 6.0% vs. 8.0 | 3.7 vs. 3.6 | 6.4 vs. 6.1 | Van Cutsem et al., 2004 |
Ganitumab | IGF-1R | 16.0 vs. 10.0 | 3.7 vs. 3.6 | 7.1 vs. 7.2 | Fuchs et al., 2015 |
Evofosfamide | DNA (hypoxia activated) | 26.0 vs. 12.0 | 5.6 vs. 3.6 | 9.2 vs. 6.9 | Borad et al., 2015 |
20.0 vs. 16.0 | 5.5 vs. 3.7 | 8.7 vs. 7.6 | Cutsem et al., 2016 | ||
GEM + Erlotinib–based combination therapy | |||||
Oxaliplatin | DNA | 45.0 | 4.8 | 8.4 | Cascinu et al., 2014 |
21.0 | 5.2 | 10.5 | Yun et al., 2014 | ||
Bevacizumab | VEGF | 13.5 vs. 8.6 | 4.6 vs. 3.6 | 7.1 vs. 6.0 | Katopodis et al., 2014 |
Cixutumumab | IGF-1R | — | 3.6 vs. 3.6 | 7.0 vs. 6.7 | Van Cutsem et al., 2009 |
GEM + Cisplatin–based combination therapy | |||||
Sorafenib | VEGFR, PDGFR, and Raf | 3.4 vs. 3.6 | 4.3 vs. 4.5 | 7.5 vs. 8.3 | Philip et al., 2014 |
c-KIT, mast/stem cell growth factor receptor; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PLK1, polo-like kinase 1; Raf, family of three serine/threonine-specific protein kinases; SMO, smoothened [a class frizzled (class F) G protein-coupled receptor]; Top I, topoisomerase I; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; —, no data available.