Agonists Rac1 Activation | Kinases | Transcription Factors | |
---|---|---|---|
Vasoactive peptides: | Downstream of Rac1 activation: | Downstream of Rac1 activation: | |
Angiotensin-II | PAK1 | NF-κB | |
Endothelin-1 | JNK | AP-1 | |
ANP | FAK | ATF2 | |
MAPK | |||
Proinflammatory protein: | Prevents Rac1 activation: | Prevents Rac1 activation: | |
Endothelial cell | TNFα | ERK5 | KLF2 |
Lipid (-like) molecules: | Nrf2 | ||
Aldosterone | |||
Sphingosine-1-phosphate | |||
Bile acids | |||
Growth factor: | |||
VEGF | |||
Vasoactive peptides: | Downstream of Rac1 activation: | Prevents Rac1 activation: | |
Angiotensin-II | PAK1 | Nrf2 | |
Endothelin-1 | JNK | ||
Smooth muscle cell | Growth factors: | ERK1/2 | |
PDGF | PKG | ||
bFGF | MLCK (inhibition) | ||
IGF-1 | |||
Vasoactive peptide: | Downstream of Rac1 activation: | Downstream of Rac1 activation: | |
Angiotensin-II | P38 | NF-κB | |
Proinflammatory protein: | JAK | STAT3 | |
TNFα | PI3K | Prevents Rac1 activation: | |
Fibroblast | Growth factors: | JNK | STAT3 (negative feedback) |
bFGF | Upstream of Rac1 activation: | ||
TGFβ | ILK | ||
NGF |
FAK, focal adhesion kinase; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKG, cGMP-dependent protein kinase.