Effects of tolvaptan treatment from 5 to 15 weeks of age on clinical measures (mean ± S.E.M.) of the progression of polycystic kidney disease
| DBA Normal Mice | Control pcy Mice | Tolvaptan-Treated pcy Mice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.01% | 0.03% | 0.1% | 0.3% | |||
| n | 5 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 11 | 12 |
| BW (g) | 33.7 ± 0.6 | 28.0 ± 0.6## | 27.4 ± 0.4 | 26.8 ± 0.6 | 27.6 ± 0.5 | 25.7 ± 0.3** |
| Kidney fibrosis volume (% BW) | — | 0.93 ± 0.1 | 0.90 ± 0.09 | 0.77 ± 0.07 | 0.72 ± 0.08 | 0.64 ± 0.06** |
| PCNA-positive cells (× 104 cells/kidney) | 63.1 ± 6.2 | 113.0 ± 17.9# | 123.4 ± 17.7 | 99.2 ± 8.2 | 107.5 ± 8.22 | 62.5 ± 8.4** |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 36.1 ± 0.8 | 51.2 ± 2.4## | 52.0 ± 3.3 | 56.4 ± 2.4 | 51.2 ± 3.9 | 51.9 ± 2.8 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01## | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.01 |
| Serum tolvaptan (ng/ml) | — | — | 7.2 ± 1.8 | 35.5 ± 3.1 | 146.0 ± 18.1 | 297.9 ± 58.8 |
| Urine albumin (μg/mg creatinine) | 0.27 ± 0.07 | 0.34 ± 0.08 | 0.43 ± 0.11 | 0.62 ± 0.27 | 0.14 ± 0.02 | 0.26 ± 0.12 |
↵# P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 vs. normal DBA mice (t test); **P < 0.01 vs. control pcy mice (Williams’ test).