Echocardiographic and invasive hemodynamic measurements
| Animal | Hemodynamic Parameters | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systolic BP | Cardiac Output | Ejection Fraction | LVSP | +dP/dt(max) | Total Peripheral Resistance | |
| mm Hg | ml/min | % | mm Hg | mm Hg/s | mm Hg.min/ml | |
| Control ZDF | 137.6 ± 3.7 | 82.06 ± 9.36 | 62.35 ± 0.93 | 135.05 ± 7.31 | 2828.74 ± 194.41 | 1.32 ± 0.14 |
| ZDF+Hemin | 118.4 ± 2.5* | 88.76 ± 4.67 | 65.70 ± 1.21 | 131.97 ± 2.66 | 2575.86 ± 103.35 | 1.16 ± 0.08* |
| Percentage improvement in ZDF+Hemin | −13.95a | 8.26 | 5.37 | −2.28a | −8.94a | −12.16a |
BP, blood pressure; LVSP, left ventricular systolic pressure.
↵a The negative percentage changes in LVSP and left ventricular pressure development (+dP/dt) are well correlated to the reduction of total peripheral resistance and systolic blood pressure, all of which are indicative of improved cardiac function (Boron and Boulpaep, 2009).
↵* P < 0.05 versus control ZDFs; 6–8 animals per group.