Applications of imaging techniques in clinical lung research
| Parameter | Technique | Readout | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | [18F]FDG-PET | Deoxyglucose uptake reflecting neutrophil recruitment and activation | Chen et al., 2009 |
| Mucus secretion and clearance | Scintigraphy | Mucus clearance assessed using 99mTc-labeled sulphur colloids | Sood et al., 2003; Donaldson et al., 2006 |
| Mucus plugging | HRCT | Mucus detection | Puderbach et al., 2007 |
| Mucus plugging | MRI | Mucus detection; use of contrast agent holds promise to improve discrimination between bronchial wall thickening and mucus | Puderbach et al., 2007; Ley-Zaporozhan et al., 2008b |
| Emphysema | HRCT | Quantification of emphysematous destruction | Stoel and Stolk, 2004; Ley-Zaporozhan et al., 2008a |
| Emphysema | HP 3He MRI | ADC | Woods et al., 2006; Diaz et al., 2009; Stavngaard et al., 2009 |
| Ventilation, perfusion | SPECT | 99mTc-labeled macroaggregated albumin trapped in capillaries | Petersson et al., 2007 |
| Ventilation | PET | Washout of inhaled 13N-N2 gas | Vidal Melo et al., 2002, 2010; Musch et al., 2004; Harris et al., 2006 |
| HP 3He-MRI | Gas distribution; bronchoconstriction | Samee et al., 2003; Mentore et al., 2005; van Beek et al., 2007; Tzeng et al., 2009 | |
| Ventilation | Oxygen-enhanced MRI | Contrast change caused by paramagnetic properties of O2 | Ohno et al., 2008, 2011 |
| Perfusion | Contrast-enhanced MRI | Contrast change of dynamic images after administration of paramagnetic contrast material | Eichinger et al., 2006; Ley-Zaporozhan et al., 2007 |
| Perfusion, ventilation | Fourier decomposition MRI | Lung perfusion and ventilation without administration of contrast agent | Bauman et al., 2009 |
| Fibrosis | HRCT | Fibrosis-related anatomical changes | Lynch et al., 2005; Best et al., 2008 |
| SPECT | Lung uptake of 111In-octreotide | Lebtahi et al., 2006; Ha et al., 2008 | |
| Airway remodeling | HRCT | Airway wall thickness and area | Tschirren et al., 2005; Aysola et al., 2008 |
| Pulmonary arterial hypertension | Echocardiography | Pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance | Bleeker et al., 2006 |
| MRI | Pulmonary arterial pressure; heart right ventricular mass and function | Sanz et al., 2007; Reiter et al., 2008; Nogami et al., 2009; Bradlow et al., 2010; Toshner et al., 2010 | |
| Drug delivery | SPECT | Distribution of 99mTc- or 111In-labeled substrates | Dolovich and Labiris, 2004; Coates et al., 2007, 2008 |
| PET | Distribution of positron-emitter labeled compounds | Yates et al., 2005 |