Summary of the changes in the expression of arrestins and GRKs induced by the treatment with haloperidol or clozapine
Brain Region | Haloperidol | Clozapine |
|---|---|---|
| Cortical | ||
| Prefrontal cortex | ⇆ | GRK2 ↑ pERK ↑ |
| Cingulate cortex | ⇆ | ⇆ |
| Dorsal hippocampus | ⇆ | ARR2 ↓ GRK3 ↓ |
| Basal ganglia | ||
| Nucleus accumbens core | ⇆ | ARR2 ↑ |
| Nucleus accumbens shell | ⇆ | ⇆ |
| Caudatoputamen dorsomedial | ⇆ | ⇆ |
| Caudatoputamen dorsolateral | ⇆ | ⇆ |
| Caudatoputamen ventromedial | ⇆ | ⇆ |
| Caudatoputamen ventrolateral | GRK3 ↓ | ARR2 ↑ pERK ↑ |
| Caudal caudatoputamen | GRK5 ↓ (2h) | GRK5 ↓ (2 h) ↑ (24 h) |
| Globus pallidus | GRK5 ↓ (2h) | GRK5 ↓ (2 h) GRK3 ↓ |
U, no significant differences; ↓ or ↑, a protein was significantly decreased or increased in the drug-treated as compared with the vehicle-treated group; (2 h) or (24 h), the protein was altered 2 or 24 h after the last injection; otherwise, the changes were detected with both washout periods.