PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Lapponi, María José
AU  - Carestia, Agostina
AU  - Landoni, Verónica Inés
AU  - Rivadeneyra, Leonardo
AU  - Etulain, Julia
AU  - Negrotto, Soledad
AU  - Pozner, Roberto Gabriel
AU  - Schattner, Mirta
TI  - Regulation of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation by Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
AID  - 10.1124/jpet.112.202879
DP  - 2013 Jun 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 430--437
VI  - 345
IP  - 3
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/345/3/430.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/345/3/430.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2013 Jun 01; 345
AB  - The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a newly described phenomenon that increases the bacteria-killing ability and the inflammatory response of neutrophils. Because NET generation occurs in an inflammatory microenvironment, we examined its regulation by anti-inflammatory drugs. Treatment of neutrophils with dexamethasone had no effect, but acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment prevented NET formation. NETosis was also abrogated by the presence of BAY 11-7082 [(E)-3-[4-methylphenylsulfonyl]-2-propenenitrile] and Ro 106-9920 [6-(phenylsulfinyl)tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine], two structurally unrelated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitors. The decrease in NET formation mediated by ASA, BAY-11-7082, and Ro 106-9920 was correlated with a significant reduction in the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit, indicating that the activation of this transcription factor is a relevant signaling pathway involved in the generation of DNA traps. The inhibitory effect of these drugs was also observed when NET generation was induced under acidic or hyperthermic conditions, two stress signals of the inflammatory microenvironment. In a mouse peritonitis model, while pretreatment of animals with ASA or BAY 11-7082 resulted in a marked suppression of NET formation along with increased bacteremia, dexamethasone had no effect. Our results show that NETs have an important role in the local control of infection and that ASA and NF-κB blockade could be useful therapies to avoid undesired effect of persistent neutrophil activation.