PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - A. H. Conney
AU  - M. M. Reidenberg
TI  - Cigarette Smoking, Coffee Drinking, and Ingestion of Charcoal-Broiled Beef as Potential Modifiers of Drug Therapy and Confounders of Clinical Trials
AID  - 10.1124/jpet.112.193193
DP  - 2012 Jul 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 9--14
VI  - 342
IP  - 1
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/342/1/9.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/342/1/9.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2012 Jul 01; 342
AB  - A pathway of research is described, leading from the finding of an inhibitory effect of 3-methylcholanthrene on the carcinogenicity of an aminoazo dye, to the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes by 3-methylcholanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene, and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, to the demonstration of enhanced drug metabolism in cigarette smokers, coffee drinkers, and people who eat charcoal-broiled beef. The results of these studies indicate that cigarette smoking, coffee drinking, and the ingestion of charcoal-broiled beef (all resulting in exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) can influence the dosing regimen needed for proper drug therapy and are potential confounders of clinical trials with drugs metabolized by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible enzymes.