RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 RELATIONSHIP OF THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF MORPHINE DERIVATIVES TO THEIR URINARY EXCRETION IN FREE AND BOUND FORMS
JF Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JO J Pharmacol Exp Ther
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 401
OP 404
VO 73
IS 4
A1 FRED W. OBERST
YR 1941
UL http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/73/4/401.abstract
AB Morphine, alpha-isomorphine, methyl morphine (Codeine), and dihydroheterocodeine are excreted in both free and bound forms. Diacetylmorphine (Heroin) is excreted as morphine in both forms. Dihydrocodeine and dihydroisocodeine are excreted mainly in the free form, only small amounts being bound. Dihydrocodeine methyl ether is excreted only in the free form. These results indicate that conjugation takes place on either the phenolic or the alcoholic hydroxide. Since the glucuronic acid concentration in urine increases proportionately with increasing dosages of morphine, the substance bound with morphine and certain of its derivatives is thought to be largely glucuronic acid or its lactone form, glucurone.