RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 SOME EFFECTS OF DERIVATIVES OF BETAINE AMIDE AND OF CHOLINE ETHERS ON THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
JF Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JO J Pharmacol Exp Ther
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 99
OP 128
VO 35
IS 2
A1 REID HUNT
A1 R. R. RENSHAW
YR 1929
UL http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/35/2/99.abstract
AB The muscarine action of betaine amide is increased by the substitution in the amido group of a methyl group; the activity of the ethyl product is less than that of the methyl compound and that of the propyl and butyl compounds is still less. The toxicity diminishes as the muscarine action decreases. The introduction of a piperidino group and still more of a carbureido group increases the muscarine action of the amide; the introduction of a phenyl group into the carbureido compound reduces the muscarine action to about one tenth and also greatly lowers the toxicity. Some of these compounds have a stimulating nicotine action but this is not pronounced; those which have the greatest muscarine action have, in general, the most marked nicotine action. The piperidino compound has a rather marked muscarine but apparently no (stimulating) nicotine action. The introduction of a phenyl group and of various substituted phenyl groups into the amido group of betaine amide completely abolishes the muscarine action of the latter. The phenyl compound has a very pronounced stimulating nicotine action; the p-hydroxy phenyl compound is less active and methoxy and ethoxy, tolyl and naphthyl compounds are practically inactive in this respect. All of the substituted compounds were more toxic than the phenyl compound. The phenyl ethers of choline and γ-homocholine also have no muscarine action. The former has a very intense stimulating nicotine action; the phenyl ether of the homocholine has a very weak stimulating nicotine action. Most of the above compounds have a paralyzing nicotine action. It is possible by the introduction of phenyl groups into certain quaternary compounds to abolish the muscarine action and to retain or increase the stimulating nicotine action: the introduction of a piperidino group seems to have the opposite effect: the muscarine action is retained or increased whereas the (stimulating) nicotine action is diminished or abolished.