TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of Parathyroid Hormone-Calcium Homeostasis in Rats and Humans JF - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics JO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther SP - 169 LP - 178 DO - 10.1124/jpet.109.152033 VL - 330 IS - 1 AU - Anson K. Abraham AU - Donald E. Mager AU - Xiang Gao AU - Mei Li AU - David R. Healy AU - Tristan S. Maurer Y1 - 2009/07/01 UR - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/330/1/169.abstract N2 - The purpose of this study was to develop a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model that describes the regulation of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-Ca2+ system in rats and humans. Temporal concentration data for endogenous PTH and Ca2+ were extracted from literature for rats (normal adult males) and humans. In addition, exogenous PTH was administered subcutaneously to male Sprague-Dawley rats with jugular vein catheters, and plasma concentrations were measured over time. A mathematical model was developed and fitted simultaneously to endogenous PTH, Ca2+, and exogenous PTH concentrations in rats. Ca2+ concentrations were described using a turnover model, with its depletion being induced by a chelating agent, and PTH concentrations were characterized using a precursor-dependent indirect response model. The same structural model was used for fitting data obtained in humans. PTH stimulation was driven by occupancy of the Ca2+ sensing receptor, and lowering of physiological Ca2+ concentrations increased PTH secretion, with PTH profiles being adequately described by the model. PTH stimulatory capacity was baseline-dependent in rats [Smax_rats = 34.8 × PTH0] and humans [Smax_humans = 392/PTH0]. Modeling results suggest that normal rats are twice as sensitive to Ca2+-induced PTH stimulation compared with humans. In conclusion, the developed model adequately characterizes the PTH-Ca2+ regulation across species and may be useful in the development of therapeutic drugs targeting this system. ER -