PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Laddawan Senggunprai AU - Kouichi Yoshinari AU - Miki Shimada AU - Yasushi Yamazoe TI - Involvement of ST1B Subfamily of Cytosolic Sulfotransferase in Kynurenine Metabolism to Form Natriuretic Xanthurenic Acid Sulfate AID - 10.1124/jpet.108.143164 DP - 2008 Dec 01 TA - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics PG - 789--798 VI - 327 IP - 3 4099 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/327/3/789.short 4100 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/327/3/789.full SO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2008 Dec 01; 327 AB - Natriuretic substances are a group of molecules affecting sodium homeostasis in the body. Recently, two new molecules having natriuresis effects, xanthurenic acid 8-O-β-d-glucoside and xanthurenic acid 8-O-sulfate (XA sulfate), have been isolated from human urine. In the present study, we have investigated the sulfation of xanthurenic acid (XA) in mouse tissues to assess the contribution of specific sulfotransferases (STs) to the reaction. Cytosols from tissues of both sexes of C57BL/6N mice (liver, stomach, jejunum, colon, and kidney) were capable of forming XA sulfate, with various Km values. Jejunum cytosol showed the lowest Km value, and its Vmax/Km value was much greater than those of other tissues. The kinetic analyses with recombinant mouse (m) STs (Sult1a1, Sult1b1, Sult1c2, and Sult1d1) showed the lowest Km value for mSult1b1, and the value was comparable with that for jejunum cytosol. The highest expression of mSult1b1 in small intestine was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels. mSult1b1 is thus suggested as a major enzyme responsible for XA sulfation in jejunum. Similar to mSult1b1, human SULT1B1 and rat Sult1b1 mediated XA sulfation efficiently. Thus, XA is likely to be an endogenous substrate for ST1B members. In contrast to XA, an XA-related compound, kynurenic acid strongly inhibited mSult1b1-mediated sulfations, with IC50 values at a micromolar range. These results indicate the functional role of ST1B subfamily of ST in XA sulfate formation in the body. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics