RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Different Effects of Opioid and Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists on C-Fiber-Induced Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation in Dorsal Horn Neurons in Normal and Spinal Nerve-Ligated Rats
JF Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JO J Pharmacol Exp Ther
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 601
OP 607
DO 10.1124/jpet.105.093583
VO 316
IS 2
A1 Kawasaki, Yasuhiko
A1 Kohno, Tatsuro
A1 Ji, Ru-Rong
YR 2006
UL http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/316/2/601.abstract
AB Nerve injury results in neuropathic pain, a debilitating pain condition. Whereas cannabinoids are consistently shown to attenuate neuropathic pain, the efficacy of opioids is highly controversial. Molecular mechanisms underlying analgesic effects of opioids and cannabinoids are not fully understood. We have shown that the signaling molecule ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) is activated by C-fiber stimulation in dorsal horn neurons and contributes to pain sensitization. In this study, we examined whether opioids and cannabinoids can affect C-fiber-induced ERK phosphorylation (pERK) in dorsal horn neurons in spinal cord slices from normal and spinal nerve-ligated rats. In normal control spinal slices, capsaicin induced a drastic pERK expression in superficial dorsal horn neurons, which was suppressed by morphine (10 μM), the selective μ-opioid receptor agonist DAMGO [[d-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (1 μM)], and the selective CB1 receptor ACEA agonist [arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide (5 μM)]. One week after spinal nerve ligation when neuropathic pain is fully developed, capsaicin induced less pERK expression in the injured L5-spinal segment. This pERK induction was not suppressed by morphine (10 μM) and DAMGO (1 μM) but was enhanced by high concentration of DAMGO (5 μM). In contrast, ACEA (10 μM) was still very effective in inhibiting capsaicin-induced pERK expression. In the adjacent L4 spinal segment, both DAMGO and ACEA significantly suppressed pERK induction by capsaicin. These results indicate that, after nerve injury, opioids lose their capability to suppress C-fiber-induced spinal neuron activation in the injured L5 but not in the intact L4 spinal segment, whereas cannabinoids still maintain their efficacy. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics