PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Jian Zhang AU - Abdel A. Abdel-Rahman TI - The Hypotensive Action of Rilmenidine is Dependent on Functional<em>N</em>-Methyl-<span class="sc">d</span>-aspartate Receptor in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla of Conscious Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats AID - 10.1124/jpet.102.037333 DP - 2002 Oct 01 TA - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics PG - 204--210 VI - 303 IP - 1 4099 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/303/1/204.short 4100 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/303/1/204.full SO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2002 Oct 01; 303 AB - Rilmenidine is a second-generation centrally acting antihypertensive drug that acts mainly through the activation of the imidazoline (I1) receptor in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). To investigate the contribution of theN-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) to the hypotensive action of rilmenidine, experiments were undertaken in conscious male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Microinjection of cumulative doses of rilmenidine (10, 20, and 40 nmol) at 10- to 15-min intervals, into the RVLM elicited dose-dependent hypotensive and bradycardic response. Pretreatment with intra-RVLM 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5) (2 nmol), a selective NMDAR antagonist, not only abolished the hypotensive response elicited by intra-RVLM rilmenidine (40 nmol) but also converted it to a pressor response (−24 ± 1 versus 17 ± 7 mm Hg;P &lt; 0.05) and significantly attenuated the bradycardic response (−72 ± 18 versus −24 ± 20 bpm;P &lt; 0.05). The blood pressure response to intra-RVLM N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) depended on the dose applied. Whereas intra-RVLM NMDA (&gt;20 pmol) produced the expected pressor response, a lower dose (10 pmol) reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) (−14 ± 3 mm Hg) and heart rate (−21 ± 12 bpm). The divergent MAP responses were attenuated by intra-RVLM AP5 (2 nmol), which implicates the NMDAR in the pressor as well as the depressor response. The present findings suggest that the NMDAR in the RVLM of the SHR 1) exerts dual effects on blood pressure, with the response type depending on the level of NMDAR activation, and 2) plays a pivotal role in the hypotension mediated by I1receptor activation in the RVLM. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics