PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Gary J. Grover AU - Albert J. D'Alonzo AU - Raymond B. Darbenzio AU - Charles S. Parham AU - Thomas A. Hess AU - Mohinder S. Bathala TI - In Vivo Characterization of the Mitochondrial Selective K<sub>ATP</sub> Opener (3<em>R</em>)-<em>trans</em>-4-((4-Chlorophenyl)-<em>N</em>-(1<em>H</em>-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)dimethyl-2<em>H</em>-1-benzopyran-6-carbonitril Monohydrochloride (BMS-191095): Cardioprotective, Hemodynamic, and Electrophysiological Effects AID - 10.1124/jpet.102.036988 DP - 2002 Oct 01 TA - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics PG - 132--140 VI - 303 IP - 1 4099 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/303/1/132.short 4100 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/303/1/132.full SO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2002 Oct 01; 303 AB - Recent studies have shown the importance of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in cardioprotection, and studies in vitro have shown that the benzopyran analog (3R)-trans- 4-((4-chlorophenyl)-N-(1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-carbonitril monohydrochloride (BMS-191095) is a selective mitochondrial KATP opener with cardioprotective activity. The goal of this study was to show selective cardioprotection for BMS-191095 in vivo without hemodynamic or cardiac electrophysiological effects expected for nonselective KATP openers. BMS-191095 reduced infarct size in anesthetized dogs (90-min ischemia + 5-h reperfusion) in a dose-dependent manner (ED25 = 0.4 mg/kg i.v.) with efficacious plasma concentrations of 0.3 to 1.0 μM, which were consistent with potency in vitro. None of the doses of BMS-191095 tested caused any effect on peripheral or coronary hemodynamic status. Further studies in dogs showed no effects of BMS-191095 on cardiac conduction or action potential configuration within the cardioprotective dose range. In a programmed electrical stimulation model, BMS-191095 showed no proarrhythmic effects, which is consistent with its lack of effects on cardiac electrophysiological status. BMS-191095 is a potent and efficacious cardioprotectant that is devoid of hemodynamic and cardiac electrophysiological side effects of first generation KATPopeners, which open both sarcolemmal and mitochondrial KATP. Selective opening or activation of mitochondrial KATP seems to be a potentially effective strategy for developing well tolerated and efficacious KATP openers. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics