PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ronald N. Hines
AU  - D. Gail McCarver
TI  - The Ontogeny of Human Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: Phase I Oxidative Enzymes
AID  - 10.1124/jpet.300.2.355
DP  - 2002 Feb 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 355--360
VI  - 300
IP  - 2
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/300/2/355.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/300/2/355.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2002 Feb 01; 300
AB  - Although some patterns are beginning to emerge, our knowledge of human phase I drug-metabolizing enzyme developmental expression remains far from complete. Expression has been observed as early as organogenesis, but this appears restricted to a few enzymes. At least two of the enzyme families that are expressed in the fetal liver exhibit a temporal switch in the immediate perinatal period (e.g., CYP3A7 to CYP3A4/3A5 and FMO1 to FMO3), whereas others show a progressive change in isoform expression through gestation (e.g., the class I alcohol dehydrogenases). Many of the phase I drug-metabolizing enzyme exhibit dynamic perinatal expression changes that are regulated primarily by mechanisms linked to birth and secondarily to maturity. A few of these enzymes are not detectable until well after birth, suggesting that birth is necessary but not sufficient for the onset of expression (e.g., CYP1A2). Tissue-specific expression adds to the complexity during ontogeny. For example, CYP3A7 expression is restricted to the fetal liver. However, with few exceptions, complete temporal relationship information during development is not known. Furthermore, most studies have concentrated on hepatic expression and much less is known about extrahepatic developmental events. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics