PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Peter D. Orahovats
AU  - Charles A. Winter
AU  - Edward G. Lehman
TI  - PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MIXTURES OF NARCOTICS AND N-ALLYLNORMORPHINE
DP  - 1954 Oct 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 246--251
VI  - 112
IP  - 2
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/112/2/246.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/112/2/246.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther1954 Oct 01; 112
AB  - 1 . Experiments in animals have shown that administration of a potent analgesic (morphine) and a limited amount of an analgesic antagonist (nalorphine) in a mixture, has the effect of substantially reducing or eliminating the objectionable side reactions of the potent analgesic without significant loss of the analgesic activity. 2. The results presented in this paper indicate that the optimal dose ratios of analgesic/antagonist mixtures are different for the different analgesics used; it appears that a suitable dose ratio of morphine/nalorphine in rats is 32 parts of morphine to 1 part of nalorphine. A suitable dose ratio of 6-methyl-Δ6-desoxymorphine/nalorphine, on the other hand, appears to be 2 parts of the narcotic to 1 part of the antagonist. In dogs, a suitable dose ratio was found to be 2 parts of morphine to 0.15 parts of nalorphine. 3. The morphine/nalorphine mixtures given intravenously in dogs and cats showed no significant effects on blood pressure and respiration in contrast to the depressant effects of morphine, given alone at the same dose levels.