TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Anti-drug Antibodies in the Pharmacokinetics, Disposition, Target Engagement, and Efficacy of a GITR Agonist Monoclonal Antibody in Mice JF - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics JO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther DO - 10.1124/jpet.115.229864 SP - jpet.115.229864 AU - Nicholas D Brunn AU - Smita Mauze AU - Danling Gu AU - Derek Wiswell AU - Roanna Ueda AU - Doug Hodges AU - Amy M Beebe AU - Shuli Zhang AU - Enrique Escandon Y1 - 2015/01/01 UR - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2015/12/15/jpet.115.229864.abstract N2 - Administration of biologics to enhance T-cell function is part of a rapidly growing field of cancer immunotherapy demonstrated by the unprecedented clinical success of several immunoregulatory receptor targeting antibodies. While these biological agents confer significant antitumor activity through targeted immune response modulation, they can also elicit broad immune responses potentially including the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). DTA-1, an agonist monoclonal antibody against the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein (GITR) is a highly effective antitumor treatment in preclinical models. We demonstrate that repeated dosing with murinized DTA-1 (mDTA-1) generates ADAs with corresponding reductions in drug exposure and engagement of GITR on circulating CD3+CD4+ T cells, due to rapid hepatic drug uptake and catabolism. Mice implanted with tumors after induction of preexisting mDTA-1 ADA show no antitumor efficacy when given 3 mg/kg mDTA-1, an efficacious dose in naive mice. Nonetheless, increasing mDTA-1 treatment to 30 mg/kg in ADA positive mice restores mDTA-1 exposure and GITR engagement on circulating CD3+ CD4+ T cells, thereby partially restoring antitumor efficacy. Formation of anti-mDTA-1 antibodies and changes in drug exposure and disposition does not occur in GITR-/- mice, consistent with a role for GITR agonism in humoral immunity. Finally, the administration of muDX400, a murinized monoclonal antibody against the checkpoint inhibitor PD-1, dosed alone or combined with mDTA-1 did not result in reduced muDX400 exposure, nor change the nature of the anti-mDTA-1 response. This indicates that anti-GITR immunogenicity may not necessarily impact the pharmacology of co-administered monoclonal antibodies, supporting combination immunomodulatory strategies. ER -