Abstract
This study was designed to elucidate the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α in the development of inflammation after ischemia/reperfusion injury of the kidney. We have evaluated the effects of ischemia/reperfusion on renal dysfunction, injury, and inflammation in wild-type mice or mice in which the gene for PPAR-α has been deleted [PPAR-α(-/-)] and then treated with the PPAR-α agonist fenofibrate. Mice were subjected to bilateral renal ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (24 h) and received fenofibrate (3 mg/kg i.p.) before reperfusion. Plasma creatinine, urea, and aspartate aminotransferase were all used as indicators of renal dysfunction and injury. Kidneys were used for histological and immunohistochemical analysis and markers of inflammation. Fenofibrate significantly attenuated the degree of renal dysfunction, injury, and inflammation caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury. The degree of renal dysfunction, injury, and inflammation caused by ischemia/reperfusion was also significantly augmented in PPAR-α(-/-) mice compared with their wild-type littermates. It is interesting that fenofibrate did not protect PPAR-α(-/-) mice against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Therefore, we propose that ligands of PPAR-α may be useful in the treatment of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and that endogenous PPAR-α limits the degree of renal dysfunction, injury, and inflammation associated with ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Footnotes
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This work was supported by the William Harvey Research Foundation.
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C.T. and S.C. contributed equally to this work.
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Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://jpet.aspetjournals.org.
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doi:10.1124/jpet.108.146191.
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ABBREVIATIONS: PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; IRI, ischemia/reperfusion injury; WT, wild type; KO, knockout; FENO, fenofibrate; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PAR, poly(ADP-ribose); PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; MDA, malondialdehyde; MPO, myeloperoxidase; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin.
- Received September 16, 2008.
- Accepted November 6, 2008.
- The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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