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Received for publication May 17, 2005.
Revised July 8, 2005.
Accepted for publication August 2, 2005.
We have previously reported that HET0016 [N-hydroxy-N'-(4-butyl-2 methylphenyl) formamidine], a selective inhibitor of CYP4A and thus 20-HETE synthesis, inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, and decreases angiogenesis induced by human glioma cell U251. A stable 20-HETE agonist, 20-hydroxyeicosa-5(Z),14(Z)-dienoic acid (WIT003; 1 µM) increased U251 cell proliferation from 3.9 to 4.8 folds from T0. We examined the effects of HET0016 on the growth of U251. HET0016 inhibited U251 basal cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. 10 µM HET0016 suppressed 56% of U251 proliferation, and significantly increased the proportions of the cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Exposure to HET0016 (as early as 4hr) reduced protein tyrosine and p42/p44 MAPK phosphorylation. Further, HET0016 significantly inhibited the U251 proliferation and phosphorylation of both the EGF receptor and p42/p44 MAPK induced by EGF. CYP4A mRNA and proteins were both present in U251. This suggests that HET0016 inhibited U251 proliferation by inhibiting 20-HETE synthesis. However, U251 did not synthesize 20-HETE in the presence of arachidonic acid. This implies that HET0016 suppresses U251 proliferation by mechanisms, not yet clear but are likely other than the inhibition of 20-HETE synthesis. We concluded that HET0016 may be the prototype of novel compounds that suppress human glioma cell proliferation.
Key words:
20-HETE, CYP4A inhibitors, Cytochrome P450 4A, U251 glioma cells, cell proliferation, glioblastoma
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