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Received for publication September 9, 2004.
Revised October 22, 2004.
Accepted for publication October 25, 2004.
A novel ligand for the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptor (NOP), [(pF)Phe4,Arg14,Lys15]N/OFQ-NH2 (UFP-102) has been generated by combining in the N/OFQ-NH2 sequence two chemical modifications, [Arg14,Lys15] and [(pF)Phe4], that have been previously demonstrated to increase potency. In vitro, UFP-102 bound with high affinity to the human NOP receptor, showed at least 200-fold selectivity over classical opioid receptors and mimicked N/OFQ effects in CHOhNOP cells, isolated tissues from various species, and mouse cortical synaptosomes releasing 5-HT. UFP-102 showed similar maximal effects but higher potency (2 - 48 fold) relative to N/OFQ. The effects of UFP-102 were sensitive to NOP selective antagonists (J-113397, pA2 7.75 - 8.12 and UFP-101 pA2 6.91 - 7.33) but not to naloxone, and no longer observed in tissues taken from NOP receptor knockout mice (NOP-/-). In vivo, UFP-102 (0.01 - 0.3 nmol, i.c.v.) mimicked the pronociceptive action of N/OFQ (0.1 - 10 nmol, i.c.v.) in the mouse tail withdrawal assay, displaying higher potency and longer lasting effects. The action of UFP-102 was not apparent in NOP-/- mice. Similar results were obtained measuring locomotor activity in mice. In conscious rats, UFP-102 (0.05 nmol, i.c.v.) produced a marked and sustained decrease in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and urinary sodium excretion and a profound increase in urine flow rate. These effects were comparable to those evoked by N/OFQ at 5 nmol. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that UFP-102 behaves as a highly potent and selective NOP receptor agonist which produces long lasting effects in vivo.
Key words:
NOP receptor, cardiovascular and renal functions, isolated tissues, nociceptin/orphanin FQ, recombinant receptors, tail withdrawal assay
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