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Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics, Vol. 94, Issue 1, 65-67, 1948
Copyright © 1948 by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

A STUDY ON THE COMPARATIVE TOXIC EFFECTS OF CITRIC ACID AND ITS SODIUM SALTS

Charles M. Gruber JR. 1 and William A. Halbeisen 1

1 Department of Pharmacology and the Charlotte Drake Cardeza Foundation, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

1. The train of symptoms following the administration of citric acid and its sodium salts in toxic quantities appears to be identical with that of calcium ion deficiency consisting of increased general activity, hyperpnea, vaso-dilatation of the peripheral vessels, salivation, muscle twitching, clonic and tonic convulsions, cyanosis, Cheyne-Stokes respirations and some deaths.

2. The LD50 for citric acid, monosodium citrate, disodium citrate and trisodium citrate in millimoles/kgm. was as follows: intravenous administration in rabbits 1.72, 1.76, 1.77, and 1.74 respectively; for intravenous administration in mice 0.22, 0.23, 0.30, and 0.66 respectively; for intraperitoneal administration in mice 5.0, 7.6, 7.5 and 5.5 respectively; and for intraperitoneal administration in rats 4.6, 6.3, 7.3, and 6.0 respectively. These results suggest that citrate intoxication in massive transfusions does not occur.

Submitted on May 25, 1948






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Copyright © 1948 by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.