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CARDIOVASCULAR

Antiangiogenic Effect of Deguelin on Choroidal Neovascularization

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University and Seoul Artificial Eye Center Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (J.Hu.K., J.Hy.K., Y.S.Y.); Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University and Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Seong-nam, Korea (K.H.P.); NeuroVascular Coordination Research Center, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (H.J.K., K.-W.K.); and Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (H.-Y.L.)

Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) leads to severe vision loss in patients of age-related macular degeneration. Previously, we have demonstrated that deguelin, isolated from plants in the Mundulea sericea family, is a chemopreventive agent. This study evaluates the antiangiogenic effect of deguelin on CNV. The toxicity of deguelin was evaluated through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as histological examination and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining in the deguelin-injected retina. Antiangiogenic activity of deguelin was evaluated by in vitro tube formation assay of HUVECs and in vivo angiogenesis of chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). In C57BL/6 mice with laser-induced CNV, deguelin or phosphate-buffered saline was injected intravitreously. CNV lesions were examined by fluorescence angiography and vessel counting in cross-sections. Deguelin showed no effect on cell viability of HUVECs and no retinal toxicity in a concentration range of 0.01 to 1 µM. Deguelin effectively inhibited in vitro tube formation of HUVECs and in vivo angiogenesis of CAM. Interestingly, deguelin significantly reduced CNV and its leakage in mouse model of laser photocoagulation-induced CNV. Our data suggests that deguelin is a potent inhibitor of CNV and may be applied in the treatment of other vasoproliferative retinopathies such as retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy.

Address correspondence to: Dr. Young Suk Yu, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University and Seoul Artificial Eye Center Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea. E-mail: ysyu{at}snu.ac.kr