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NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Ethanol Sensitivity of GABAergic Currents in Cerebellar Granule Neurons Is Not Increased by a Single Amino Acid Change (R100Q) in the ₆ GABA_A Receptor Subunit

Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque, New Mexico (P.B., M.M., C.F.V.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado (K.L.F.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado (R.A.R); and Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado (R.A.R.)

Cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) extrasynaptically express GABA_A receptors containing _6x subunits, which mediate tonic inhibitory currents. Although it has been shown that the function of these receptors is potently and directly enhanced by ethanol, this finding has not been reproducible across different laboratories. In outbred Sprague-Dawley rats, a naturally occurring arginine (R) to glutamine (Q) mutation in position 100 of the ₆ subunit was reported to increase the ethanol sensitivity of these receptors. However, we did not detect an action of this mutation in selectively bred rats (alcohol-tolerant and alcohol-nontolerant). Consequently, we reexamined the effect of the mutation on ethanol sensitivity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Using patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques in cerebellar vermis parasagittal slices, we found that 25 mM ethanol increases the tonic current amplitude, tonic current noise, and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current (sIPSC) frequency to a similar extent in ₆-100R/100R and ₆-100Q/100Q CGNs. Exposure to 80 mM ethanol increased the tonic current amplitude to a significantly greater extent in ₆-100R/100R than in ₆-100Q/100Q CGNs; however, the effects of 80 mM ethanol on the tonic current noise and sIPSC frequency were not significantly different between these groups. In the presence of tetrodo-toxin, a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, exogenous GABA, and a GABA transporter inhibitor, neither 8 nor 40 mM ethanol consistently affected tonic current amplitude or noise in ₆-100R/100R or ₆-100Q/100Q CGNs. Thus, the ₆-R100Q GABA_A receptor subunit polymorphism does not in-crease the acute ethanol sensitivity of extrasynaptic receptors, lending further support to the hypothesis that ethanol modulates these currents indirectly via a presynaptic mechanism.

Address correspondence to: Dr. C. Fernando Valenzuela, Department of Neurosciences, MSC08 4740, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001. E-mail: fvalenzuela{at}salud.unm.edu

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				T. S. Otis Comments on "Ethanol Sensitivity of GABAergic Currents in Cerebellar Granule Neurons Is Not Increased by a Single Amino Acid Change (R100Q) in the {alpha}6 GABAA Receptor Subunit" J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., January 1, 2008; 324(1): 399 - 400. [Full Text] [PDF]

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