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NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Pharmacological and Behavioral Profile of N-(4-Fluorophenylmethyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N'-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl) Carbamide (2R,3R)-Dihydroxybutanedioate (2:1) (ACP-103), a Novel 5-Hydroxytryptamine_2A Receptor Inverse Agonist

ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, California (K.E.V., D.M.W., M.M., I.V., L.R.G., J.L., A.L.D.T., F.P., H.H.S., T.R.O., E.S.B., A.K.U., M.B.T., N.S., C.M.A., T.Y.S., S.C.H., B.-R.T., M.R.B., R.E.D.); and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California (S.B.P., M.A.G.)

The in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of N-(4-fluorophenylmethyl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-N'-(4-(2-methylpropyloxy)phenylmethyl)carbamide (2R,3R)-dihydroxybutanedioate (2:1) (ACP-103) are presented. A potent 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)_2A receptor inverse agonist ACP-103 competitively antagonized the binding of [³H]ketanserin to heterologously expressed human 5-HT_2A receptors with a mean pK_i of 9.3 in membranes and 9.70 in whole cells. ACP-103 displayed potent inverse agonist activity in the cell-based functional assay receptor selection and amplification technology (R-SAT), with a mean pIC₅₀ of 8.7. ACP-103 demonstrated lesser affinity (mean pK_i of 8.80 in membranes and 8.00 in whole cells, as determined by radioligand binding) and potency as an inverse agonist (mean pIC₅₀ 7.1 in R-SAT) at human 5-HT_2C receptors, and lacked affinity and functional activity at 5-HT_2B receptors, dopamine D₂ receptors, and other human monoaminergic receptors. Behaviorally, ACP-103 attenuated head-twitch behavior (3 mg/kg p.o.), and prepulse inhibition deficits (1-10 mg/kg s.c.) induced by the 5-HT_2A receptor agonist (±)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride in rats and reduced the hyperactivity induced in mice by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor noncompetitive antagonist 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine (dizocilpine maleate; MK-801) (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg s.c.; 3 mg/kg p.o.), consistent with a 5-HT_2A receptor mechanism of action in vivo and antipsychotic-like efficacy. ACP-103 demonstrated >42.6% oral bioavailability in rats. Thus, ACP-103 is a potent, efficacious, orally active 5-HT_2A receptor inverse agonist with a behavioral pharmacological profile consistent with utility as an antipsychotic agent.

Address correspondence to: Dr. Kimberly E. Vanover, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3911 Sorrento Valley Blvd., San Diego, CA 92121. E-mail: kvanover{at}acadia-pharm.com

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