QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: jpet.105.087916v1 315/1/91    most recent Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ricaurte, G. A. Articles by McCann, U. D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ricaurte, G. A. Articles by McCann, U. D. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB AMPHETAMINE Medline Plus Health Information Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

TOXICOLOGY

Amphetamine Treatment Similar to That Used in the Treatment of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Damages Dopaminergic Nerve Endings in the Striatum of Adult Nonhuman Primates

Department of Neurology (G.A.R., A.O.M., J.Y., G.H., T.X., A.H.M.) and Psychiatry (U.D.M.), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland

Pharmacotherapy with amphetamine is effective in the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), now recognized in adults as well as in children and adolescents. Here we demonstrate that amphetamine treatment, similar to that used clinically for adult ADHD, damages dopaminergic nerve endings in the striatum of adult nonhuman primates. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of amphetamine associated with dopaminergic neurotoxicity in nonhuman primates are on the order of those reported in young patients receiving amphetamine for the management of ADHD. These findings may have implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of ADHD. Further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to evaluate the dopaminergic neurotoxic potential of therapeutic doses of amphetamine in children as well as adults.

Address correspondence to: Dr. George A. Ricaurte, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Rm. 5B.71E, Baltimore, MD 21224. E-mail: ricaurte{at}jhmi.edu

This article has been cited by other articles:

				I. Boileau, P. Rusjan, S. Houle, D. Wilkins, J. Tong, P. Selby, M. Guttman, J. A. Saint-Cyr, A. A. Wilson, and S. J. Kish Increased Vesicular Monoamine Transporter Binding during Early Abstinence In Human Methamphetamine Users: Is VMAT2 a Stable Dopamine Neuron Biomarker? J. Neurosci., September 24, 2008; 28(39): 9850 - 9856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. J. Kish PhD Pharmacologic mechanisms of crystal meth Can. Med. Assoc. J., June 17, 2008; 178(13): 1679 - 1682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Advokat Literature Review: Update on Amphetamine Neurotoxicity and Its Relevance to the Treatment of ADHD J Atten Disord, July 1, 2007; 11(1): 8 - 16. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. S. Fitzmaurice, J. Tong, M. Yazdanpanah, P. P. Liu, K. S. Kalasinsky, and S. J. Kish Levels of 4-Hydroxynonenal and Malondialdehyde Are Increased in Brain of Human Chronic Users of Methamphetamine J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2006; 319(2): 703 - 709. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]