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CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR
-Arrestin 2 Interaction
Eli Lilly & Co., Lilly Research Laboratories, LCC, Indianapolis, Indiana (M.M.B., D.A.S., M.A.S., D.R.G.); and Eli Lilly & Co., Sphinx Laboratories, Durham, North Carolina (P.H.D.)
The neuropeptide Y (NPY) family peptides NPY, peptide YY (PYY), and
pancreatic polypeptide (PP) bind to four G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs):
Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5. A key step in the desensitization and internalization of
GPCRs is the association of the receptor with
-arrestins. In the present
study, these receptors were analyzed with respect to their ability to interact
with GFP2-tagged
-arrestin 2 using the new bioluminescence resonance
energy transfer 2 method. Agonists induced a concentration-dependent
association of
-arrestin 2 with all four receptors. Whereas the Y1
receptor exhibited the highest maximum response and rapid association
(t
= 3.4 min), the maximal signals for the
association of Y2 and Y4 receptors were less than half of that of Y1, and the
association rates were much slower. Interestingly, when evaluated at the Y4
receptor, the Y4 agonist 1229U91 [(Ile,Glu,Pro,Dpr,Tyr,Arg,
Leu,Arg,Try-NH2)-2-cyclic(2,4'),(2',4)-diamide] was
unable to provoke the same maximal response as human PP, suggesting that
1229U91 is a partial agonist. When stimulated by PYY, the Y5 receptor
responded with a t
of 4.6 min and a maximal
response approximately 60% of what was observed with Y1. Because
-arrestins are key components in GPCR internalization, it is interesting
to note that the receptor that is known to internalize rapidly (Y1) exhibits
the most rapid association with
-arrestin 2, whereas the receptor that
is known to internalize slowly, or not at all (Y2) associates slowly with
-arrestin 2.
Address correspondence to: Dr. Donald R. Gehlert, Eli Lilly & Co., Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285. E-mail: gehlert_donald_r{at}lilly.com
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