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Vol. 304, Issue 1, 1-7, January 2003
Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and
Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Evidence from postmortem analysis implicates the involvement of
microglia in the neurodegenerative process of several degenerative neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It remains to be determined, however, whether microglial activation plays a role in the initiation stage of disease progression or occurs merely as a response to neuronal death. Activated microglia secrete a variety of proinflammatory and neurotoxic factors that are
believed to induce and/or exacerbate neurodegeneration. In this
article, we summarize recent advances on the study of the role of
microglia based on findings from animal and cell culture models in the
pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, with particular emphasis on
Parkinson's disease. In addition, we also discuss novel approaches to
potential therapeutic strategies.
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