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Vol. 303, Issue 3, 1155-1162, December 2002
Department of Neurobiology and Pharmacology, Northeastern Ohio
Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio; and Pharmacology
Graduate Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State
University, Kent, Ohio
Prolonged or repeated activation of many G protein-coupled receptors
induces rapid desensitization followed by a period during which
receptors are resensitized. In this study, concanavalin A (Con A) and
monensin were used to investigate the mechanisms of desensitization and
resensitization of the neurokinin-1 receptor. Con A inhibits
internalization, whereas monensin prevents receptor recycling. The
effects of Con A and monensin on desensitization, resensitization,
receptor phosphorylation, endocytosis, and recycling of the
neurokinin-1 receptor were assessed. Desensitization was defined as the
decrease in the ability of substance P (SP) to elicit an intracellular
Ca2+ response after a prolonged SP exposure.
Resensitization was characterized as the return of SP responsiveness.
Under control conditions, desensitization occurred after a 5-min
exposure to agonist. Resensitization was evident 30 min after agonist
washout. Neither monensin nor Con A prevented desensitization. Monensin
completely inhibited resensitization, whereas Con A decreased but did
not completely block resensitization. Receptor phosphorylation was
increased after agonist activation and returned to basal levels after a recovery period. Neither Con A nor monensin altered the amount of
agonist-specific receptor phosphorylation. Receptor binding analysis
showed that plasma membrane receptors were internalized after a 5-min
agonist exposure. Receptor recycling was not observed after a 1-h
recovery period; however, resensitization was apparent. Taken together,
these results suggest that rapid neurokinin-1 receptor desensitization
can occur without receptor internalization and that resensitization
occurs before receptor recycling.
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