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Vol. 303, Issue 2, 723-729, November 2002
-Agonist-Induced Convulsive Activity and Antinociception in Mice
Departments of Pharmacology (D.C.B., J.H.W., J.R.T.) and Psychology
(J.H.W.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.F.N., J.E.P.), Robert
Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey; and National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K.C.R.),
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
-Opioid receptor-selective agonists produce antinociception and
convulsions in several species, including mice. This article examines
two hypotheses in mice: 1) that antinociception and convulsive activity
are mediated through the same type of
-receptor and 2) that greater
-agonist efficacy is required for antinociception than for
convulsive activity.
-Mediated antinociception was evaluated in the
acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction assay, which involves a
low-intensity noxious stimulus; convulsive activity was indicated as a
mild tonic-clonic convulsive episode followed by a period of catalepsy.
In
-opioid receptor knockout mice [DOR-1(
/
)], the nonpeptidic
-agonists
(±)-4-[(R*)-[(2S*,5R*)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-propenyl)-1- piperazinyl]-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-N,N-diethylbenzamide
hydrochloride (BW373U86) and
(+)-4-[(R)-[(2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-propenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-N, N-diethylbenzamide
(SNC80) failed to produce convulsive behavior demonstrating the
absolute involvement of DOR-1 in this effect. In NIH Swiss mice
expressing
-opioid receptors, BW373U86 produced both antinociception
and convulsive activity. These effects were antagonized by the putative
1-receptor-selective antagonist
7-benzylidenenaltrexone and the putative
2-receptor-selective antagonist naltriben. Tolerance developed to both the convulsive and antinociceptive effects of BW373U86. Tolerance to the convulsive, but not the antinociceptive, effects of BW373U86 was largely prevented when the antagonist naltrindole was given 20 min after each dose of the agonist in a 3-day
treatment paradigm. The convulsive action of BW373U86 was also less
sensitive than the antinociceptive action to treatment with the
irreversible
-antagonist naltrindole isothiocyanate. Collectively,
these data suggest that the convulsive and antinociceptive activities
of
-agonists are mediated through the same receptor but that the
receptor reserve for
-mediated convulsive activity is greater than
for
-mediated antinociceptive activity.
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