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Vol. 300, Issue 3, 862-867, March 2002
Inotek Corporation, Beverly, Massachusetts (P.P., P.B., L.V.,
J.G.M.); and Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical School,
University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
(L.L., G.H., C.S.)
Activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
(PARP) by oxidant-mediated DNA damage is an important pathway of cell
dysfunction and tissue injury in conditions associated with oxidative
stress. Increased oxidative stress is a major factor implicated
in the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used antitumor
anthracycline antibiotic. Thus, we hypothesized that the activation of
PARP may contribute to the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Using a dual
approach of PARP-1 suppression, by genetic deletion or pharmacological
inhibition with the phenanthridinone PARP inhibitor PJ34, we now
demonstrate the role of PARP in the development of cardiac dysfunction
induced by DOX. PARP-1+/+ and PARP-1
/
mice received a single
injection of DOX (25 mg/kg i.p). Five days after DOX administration,
left ventricular performance was significantly depressed in PARP-1+/+
mice, but only to a smaller extent in PARP-1
/
ones. Similar
experiments were conducted in BALB/c mice treated with PJ34 or vehicle.
Treatment with a PJ34 significantly improved cardiac dysfunction and
increased the survival of the animals. In addition PJ34 significantly
reduced the DOX-induced increase in the serum lactate dehydrogenase and
creatine kinase activities but not metalloproteinase activation
in the heart. Thus, PARP activation contributes to the cardiotoxicity
of DOX. PARP inhibitors may exert protective effects against the
development of severe cardiac complications associated with the DOX treatment.
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