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Vol. 300, Issue 1, 43-49, January 2002

Testosterone Dependence of Salt-Induced Hypertension in Sabra Rats and Role of Renal alpha 2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes

Mostafa Khalid, Norelyaquine Ilhami, Yves Giudicelli and Jean-Pierre Dausse

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculté de Médecine de Paris-Ouest, Université René Descartes, Paris, France

This study investigated the importance of the male sex hormone testosterone on salt-induced hypertension, renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtype distribution, and gene expression in salt-sensitive (SBH) male Sabra rats. Comparisons of blood pressure and renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtype gene expression and receptor densities have been made among sham-operated rats, and gonadectomized rats treated or not with testosterone and submitted to normal or high salt diet for 6 weeks. In intact rats, only alpha 2B-adrenoceptors were detected in this rat strain independent of the diet. In these rats, high salt diet increases blood pressure and up-regulates gene expression and density of alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Gonadectomy abolishes the hypertensive response to salt overload, decreases gene expression and density of alpha 2B-adrenoceptors, and prevents their salt-induced up-regulation. After gonadectomy, increased gene expression and a detectable density of alpha 2A-adrenoceptors are observed at similar levels in normal and high salt diet. In gonadectomized rats, testosterone replacement restores salt-induced hypertension, density of renal alpha 2B-adrenoceptors, and gene expression to the intact levels observed both under normal and high salt diet. Furthermore, the alpha 2A-adrenoceptor subtype is not detected in these conditions. If the increase in renal alpha 2B-adrenoceptor subtypes is indicative of the hypertensive phenotype, the presence of the alpha 2A-adrenoceptor appears associated with a state of salt resistance in male SBH rats. In conclusion, testosterone is needed for the full expression of salt-induced hypertension in male salt-sensitive Sabra rats. Renal densities of alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes are under control of the testicles and are differentially regulated by testosterone.

0022-3565/02/3001-0043$03.00/0
THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


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