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Vol. 300, Issue 1, 298-304, January 2002
Pharmacokinetics and Physico-Chemical Property Research
Laboratories, Dainippon Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
(T.H., M.M., Y.T., T.F., H.M.); Department of Chemical Biology, Osaka
City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan (S. I., Y.F.); and
Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan (T.K.)
The purpose of the study was to elucidate human intestinal cytochrome
P450 isoform(s) involved in the metabolism of an antihistamine, ebastine, having two major pathways of hydroxylation and
N-dealkylation. The ebastine dealkylase in human
intestinal microsomes was CYP3A4, based on the inhibition
studies with antibodies against CYP1A, CYP2A, CYP2C, CYP2D, CYP2E, and
CYP3A isoforms and their selective inhibitors. However, ebastine
hydroxylase could not be identified. We then examined the inhibitory
effects of anti-CYP4F antibody and 17-octadecynoic acid, an inhibitor
of the CYP4 family, on ebastine hydroxylation in intestinal microsomes,
since CYP4F was recently found to be the predominant ebastine
hydroxylase in monkey intestine; and a novel CYP4F isoform (CYP4F12),
also capable of hydroxylating ebastine, was found to exist in human
intestine. However, the inhibitory effects were only partial (about
20%) and thus it was thought that, although human CYP4F was involved in ebastine hydroxylation, another predominant enzyme exists. Further
screening showed that the hydroxylation was inhibited by arachidonic
acid. CYP2J2 was selected as a candidate expressed in the intestine and
closely related to arachidonic acid metabolism. The catalytic activity
of recombinant CYP2J2 was much higher than that of CYP4F12. Anti-CYP2J
antibody inhibited the hydroxylation to about 70% in human intestinal
microsomes. These results demonstrate that CYP2J2 is the predominant
ebastine hydroxylase in human intestinal microsomes. Thus, the present
paper for the first time indicates that, in human intestinal
microsomes, both CYP2J and CYP4F subfamilies not only metabolize
endogenous substrates but also are involved in the drug metabolism.
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