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Vol. 299, Issue 1, 297-306, October 2001
Merck Research Laboratories, La Jolla, California (B.B.,
K.T.W., V.B.R., T.S.R., G.K.L., F.M.); and Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia and Department of Veterans
Affairs, Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia (J.J.B.)
Preclinical and clinical data have suggested the potential use of
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) ligands for treating cognitive
dysfunction associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as
Alzheimer's disease. SIB-1553A,
(±)-4-{[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]thio}phenol hydrochloride, a novel nAChR ligand with predominant agonist subtype selectivity for
4 subunit-containing human neuronal nAChRs, was tested in a variety of cognitive paradigms in aged rodents and nonhuman
primates after acute and repeated administration. Subcutaneous administration of SIB-1553A improved delayed nonmatching to place performance in aged mice. In aged rhesus monkeys, intramuscular and
oral administration of SIB-1553A improved choice accuracy in a delayed
matching to sample task. SIB-1553A improved performances in these
spatial and nonspatial working memory tasks but was less effective at
improving performances in spatial reference memory tasks (i.e., aged
rodents exposed to a discrimination task in a T-maze or trained to
locate a hidden platform in a water maze). These data suggest that
SIB-1553A has a predominant effect on attention/working memory
processes. SIB-1553A also induced the release of acetylcholine in the
hippocampus of aged rats and was equally effective whether administered
acutely or repeatedly (6 weeks of daily subcutaneous administration).
Thus, rats repeatedly treated with SIB-1553A exhibit neither tolerance
nor sensitization to the effects of the compound. The SIB-1553A-induced
cognitive improvement may be in part related to an increase in
cholinergic function. The present study provides additional support for
the use of subtype-selective nAChR ligands as a potential therapy for
the symptomatic treatment of specific cognitive deficits (such as
attention/working memory deficits) associated with aging and neurological diseases.
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