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Vol. 297, Issue 1, 43-49, April 2001
Departments of Medicine (E.R.L., L.G.R., W.K.O., C.M.P.R., B.R.G.,
R.C.B.) and Pharmacology (T.K.H.), University of North Carolina School
of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and Inspire Pharmaceuticals,
Durham, North Carolina (V.Z.)
Extracellular nucleotides regulate transepithelial ion secretion via
multiple receptors. The P2Y2 receptor is the predominant transducer of chloride transport responses to nucleotides in the airways, but the P2 receptors that control ion transport in
gastrointestinal epithelia have not been identified. UTP and UDP
promote chloride secretion in mouse jejuna and gallbladder epithelia,
respectively, and these responses were unaffected by P2Y2
receptor gene disruption. Pharmacological data suggested the
involvement of P2Y4 and P2Y6 receptors in
gastrointestinal responses. To identify the P2Y receptors responsible
for the gastrointestinal actions of UTP and UDP, we have cloned the
murine P2Y4 and P2Y6 receptors and have stably expressed each in a null cell line to examine the nucleotide-promoted inositol phosphate formation and intracellular Ca2+
mobilization. The (m)P2Y4 receptor was potently, but not
selectively, activated by UTP (UTP
ATP >ITP > GTP > CTP), and it was not activated by UDP or ADP. The
(m)P2Y6 receptor was highly selective for UDP (UDP
ADP = GDP). The nucleotide selectivities observed with the
recombinant (m)P2Y4 and (m)P2Y6 receptors
resemble those for nucleotide-promoted chloride transport in murine
P2Y2(
/
) jejuna and gallbladder epithelial cells,
respectively. Ion transport responses to nucleotide additions were
examined in freshly excised tissues from cystic fibrosis transmembrane
regulator-deficient mice. Although the effect of UTP on jejunal
short-circuit current (Isc) was impaired in
the CF mouse, UDP-promoted Isc changes were not affected in CF gallbladder epithelium, suggesting that the P2Y6 receptor is a target for treatment of CF gallbladder disease.
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