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Vol. 294, Issue 3, 793-799, September 2000
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas
for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (B.S.C., R.G.S.); and
Department of Pathology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St.
Louis, Missouri (J.M.)
Phospholipase A2s (PLA2s) represent a family of
esterases that hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond in
phospholipids, releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids.
PLA2s are important in the signaling of several cellular
processes and are known to play a significant role in inflammation.
Studies also show that PLA2s are modulators of drug-,
chemical-, and ischemia/reperfusion-induced cellular injury. The role
of PLA2s in apoptosis and oncosis depends upon the
PLA2 isoform, the cell type, and the stimulus of injury. The purpose of this review is to discuss the functions of
iPLA2, cPLA2 and sPLA2 isoforms in
oncosis and apoptosis, including oxidant-induced and receptor-mediated
cell death. In addition, the measurement and modulation of
PLA2 is discussed.
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